PRONOUN (Kata Ganti)

A. Personal Pronoun 

Personal Pronoun  adalah kata yang digunakan untuk menggantikan orang, benda, binatang atau hal lainnya.

Personal Pronoun bisa digunakan sebagai:

 

Keterangan
Subject
Object
Possessive Adjective
Possessive Pronoun
Reflexive Pronoun
Aku / Saya
I
me
my
mine
myself
Kamu / Kalian
you
you
your
yours
yourself / yourselves
Kami
we
us
our
ours
ourselves
Mereka
they
them
their
theirs
thirselves
Dia (Pria)
he
him
his
his
himself
Dia (Wanita)
she
her
her
hers
herself
Dia (Benda/Hewan)
it
it
its
its
itself


 

Kata Ganti Sebagai Subjek

 

Orang ke
Tunggal
Jamak
1st
I We
2nd
You (kamu) You (kalian)
3rd

He

She

It

They

 

 

Kata ganti sebagai subjek ini diletakkan di awal kalimat.

Untuk lebih jelasnya, bisa diperhatikan contoh-contoh dibawah ini:

Kata Ganti Sebagai Objek:

Subject
Object
I
me
you
you
we
us
they
them
he
him
she
her
it
it

 

Kata ganti sebagai objek ini diletakkan setelah verb (kata kerja) dan setelah preposition (kata depan)

Contoh;

Beni calls Susi            .                      
Beni calls her.

I call  Brian                    
I call him

They know Toni and me.                    
They know us

We help our parents    
We help them


I like a cat                                      
I like it


Possessive Adjective

 

Subject
Possessive Adjective
Contoh Penggunaan
I
my

My pen

you
your

Your pen

we
our

Their pen

they
their

Our pen

he
him

His pen

she
her

Her pen

it
its

Its pen

 

Apabila menunjukkan milik tidak menggunakan kata ganti (pronoun) diatas tetapi menggunakan nama atau kata benda,

maka  digunakan apostrophe (tanda ‘) ditambah s dibelakang nama atau kata benda tersebut.

Contoh: Fatih’s book (bukunya Fatih)

Tetapi jika noun tersebut sudah ada “s”  diakhir katanya, maka cukup ditambah dengan tanda apostrophe (tanda ‘) saja.

Contoh: My parents’ house

  • My parents’ house (Rumahnya orang tua saya)
  • Sulis’ book (Bukunya Sulis)

Possessive Pronoun (Kata Ganti Pemilik)

SUBJECT

POSSESSIVE
PRONOUN

ARTI

I

Mine

Milikku

You

Yours

Milikmu

They

Theirs

Milik mereka

We

Ours

Milik kami / kita

He

His

Milik dia pria

She

Hers

Milik dia wanita

 

Perbedaan antara Posssessive Adjective dan Possessive Pronoun

 

B. Interrogative Pronouns

Yaitu kata-kata yang digunakan untuk bertanya.

  • Who = siapa (subject)
    Who is he talking to?
    Who are those people?
  • Whom = siapa (object)
    Whom are you playing with?
    Whom is he talking to?
  • Which = yang mana
    Which of these bags is yours?
    Which do you prefer?
  • Whose = milik siapa
    Whose is this umbrella?
    Whose are these gloves?
  • What = apa
    What is your dog’s name?
    What are you talking about?
    What is the time?

C. Demonstrative Pronouns

Merupakan kata ganti penunjuk. Yaitu kata: this, that, these, those.

Penggunaan this dan these ketika menunjuk sesuatu yang dekat. (berarti: ini)
Penggunaan that dan those ketika menunjuk sesuatu yang jauh. (berarti: itu)

Singular : this, that
Plural : these, those

 

Contoh Penggunaan:

Singular :This is a hill.
Plural : These are donkeys.

Singular :That is a mountain.
Plural : Those are horses.