Theories are generalizable accounts of how world works that go beyond the specific details of one unique case
E.g., globalization increases disparities / increases global wealth
Describe, explain and predict– positive idea of theorizing
No single theory can always explain everything
Positivism: Explain and predict by reducing the complexity of reality (examples: Neorealist, Institutionalism).
Normative: Challenge reality with reference to normative standpoints/values and develop strategies of fundamental global change (examples: Feminism and gender equality;
Marxism and class struggle; Idealism and human rights).